advantages and disadvantages of the 1988 education reform act

<< endobj endobj The New Rights 1988 Education Reform Act put in place the policies which aimed to achieve the goal of raising standards. /StructParents 40 << /F5 124 0 R >> /Parent 13 0 R << /TT1 121 0 R 71 0 obj The aim of this policy is to raise standards. Their importance is reinforced by their place in the new inspection framework for schools which derives its . >> /TT1 121 0 R >> /Properties << >> /Prev 113 0 R endobj /Parent 12 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 305 0 R 19 0 obj /Type /Page /Next 307 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /TT2 159 0 R /GS0 125 0 R ERIC is an online library of education research and information, sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. /TT2 121 0 R /Parent 12 0 R /Type /Page /TT1 121 0 R More accountability provided a great opportunity for my generation of school leaders to prove ourselves and the national curriculum was right because it reduced inequality, even if it has been undermined by academy freedoms. /Next 114 0 R >> /TT1 226 0 R >> Coleman (1992), however, << Appointed President of the Board of Education in 1941, Richard 'Rab' Butler passed an Education Act in 1944, promising 'Secondary Education for All'. /GS0 125 0 R << This benefits special education students and general education students alike. /StructParents 62 A science . /StructParents 50 /Resources << >> /TT2 121 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Type /Page /Rotate 0 >> >> /Resources << /Properties << /Rotate 0 /Type /Pages >> /Properties << >> >> >> /StructParents 45 /TT2 226 0 R 36 0 obj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj Source: DAR Studies find that benefits such as improved . /Properties << /Resources << /ExtGState << A number of education policies and reforms, especially those brought in as part of the 1988 Educational Reform Act, looked to create a market in state education. >> /ExtGState << >> >> /Contents 251 0 R /Font << 96 0 obj >> /Rotate 0 endobj /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R endobj /Contents 252 0 R /StructParents 61 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT2 121 0 R 92 0 obj The Education Reform Act ( 1988) (ERA) sets education within the context of the spiritual, moral, cultural, mental and physical development of pupils and of society. /Resources << /TT1 226 0 R 114 0 obj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 /Parent 15 0 R /Resources << >> /Type /Page 70 0 obj 0000006904 00000 n We considered a variety of . /Rotate 0 << Children can choose schools according to their preferences. 43 0 obj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /CreationDate (D:20040616154025+03'00') /Type /Page The unease Phillips voices about the market reforms came through interviews with many of the key players in recent education reform. /Rotate 0 >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] NAFTA has six main advantages, according to a Congressional Research Service report prepared in 2017. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R QUALITY education is viewed as any country's pillar of success. << Grant-maintained status was created by the Education Reform Act 1988, as part of the programme of the Conservative government to create greater diversity in educational provision and to weaken the influence of local education authorities.. GM schools would be owned and managed by their own boards of school governors, rather than the local authority. It shows how an informed educational philosophy helps us respond to . /Properties << >> /MC0 129 0 R endobj /Parent 2 0 R /StructParents 47 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /TT2 226 0 R Educational disadvantage is demonstrated in many ways, most often in poor levels of participation and achievement in the . /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Properties << 40 0 obj The national curriculum required that all schools teach the same subject content from the age of 7-16. >> /Title << >> /Parent 10 0 R << /TT0 120 0 R /Properties << /TT0 120 0 R /Font << /TT3 121 0 R To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. /Type /Page /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Parent 17 0 R 42 0 obj /StructParents 14 /StructParents 11 /Parent 17 0 R /Rotate 0 /Contents 128 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /TT0 120 0 R << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Kids [52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R] /Rotate 0 /Title /TT3 159 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Parents at that time had almost no say in which schools their children would be sent to and children were typically sent to their local school. /Type /Page /TT0 120 0 R The English schools hierarchy is as powerful as ever, with some choices only available to a select group of parents who can afford hefty fees, move to the catchment of a successful school, or pay for costly private tuition to pass high-stakes entrance exams. . /TT0 120 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 47 0 obj /Properties << /ExtGState << >> /Properties << /Rotate 0 << 0000001551 00000 n >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Maclure, S. 1988. >> /StructParents 21 /MC0 129 0 R 108 0 obj 0000017863 00000 n endstream >> /Type /Catalog /GS0 125 0 R >> We will write a custom Essay on Evaluation of Advantages and Disadvantages of Approaches to Curriculum Design specifically for you . /Last 114 0 R The head, Gary Phillips, has turned the school around. Security Through Biometric Authentication: One . . /StructParents 5 >> /Parent 17 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Contents 240 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 37 /MC0 129 0 R 100 0 obj /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /TT2 159 0 R << >> /MC0 129 0 R /Font << /Type /Page The tables are published in many newspapers and online. >> My own conclusions for what is needed now include reform of school admissions and a broader definition of what we mean by success, one that goes beyond simple test and exam results. 69 0 obj /Resources <> >> The idea behind league tables was to allow parents to easily assess which schools in their local areas are the best. /Font << 87 0 obj /MC0 129 0 R << /Resources << >> Created by: jocastle; Created on: 06-05-16 12:51; Educational Policy- 1988 Education Reform Act. Private schools have always operated on these principles they charge fees and compete with each other for customers. >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj 0000003188 00000 n /Rotate 0 /Parent 9 0 R >> >> /PageElement << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /C2_0 292 0 R 1965-1980: Promoting Equity in Access to Educational Opportunities 1981-1988: The Push for Educational Excellence 1989-1992: The Rise of Standards-Based Reform /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT1 121 0 R /Parent 11 0 R >> >> >> /TT1 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /TT0 120 0 R However, an important point to keep in mind is that correlation doesnt necessarily mean causation GCSE results may have improved over the last 30 years WITHOUT marketisation policies. GCSEs and SATs were also introduced as part of the National Curriculum. >> >> /Contents 261 0 R /Kids [102 0 R 103 0 R 104 0 R 105 0 R 106 0 R 107 0 R 108 0 R 109 0 R 110 0 R 111 0 R] Hi Karl, thanks for this really useful. /Properties << /MC0 129 0 R /Font << >> >> /Resources <> /ExtGState << education, discipline that is concerned with methods of teaching and learning in schools or school-like environments as opposed to various nonformal and informal means of socialization (e.g., rural development projects and education through parent-child relationships). /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << /Contents 239 0 R Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? /ExtGState << /Type /Page /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R >> >> 2. /ExtGState << /Rotate 0 /Parent 11 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MC0 129 0 R >> /Type /Page /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << << /Contents 255 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /Font << 82 0 obj >> >> It is the most significant policy that students need to be able to understand and evaluate within the education module for A-level sociology. /Type /Page 74 0 obj >> endobj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] The 1988 reforms played an unambiguous role in that improvement, says Phillips: They shone a spotlight on schools failing young people like this one.. It is usually the benefits of education that are extolled from time to time and there is much strength in that argument since the one thing that separates man from animals is the ability to advance knowledge and expertise from . >> 76 0 obj /TT2 159 0 R /Type /Page /Contents 229 0 R /Font << /TT1 226 0 R /MC0 129 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R /Rotate 0 /Name (HeaderFooter) 1988 CHAPTER 40. /TT0 120 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /TT2 226 0 R 59 0 obj /Font << /Properties << /Type /Pages /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 21 0 obj >> 28 0 obj >> /Resources << /Parent 13 0 R /Parent 9 0 R /StructParents 51 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 /Font << >> /Rotate 0 endobj /StructParents 33 99 0 obj /StructParents 79 72 0 obj Education Reform Act (1988) Aims To raise standards To make schools more accountable To run schools on 'market principles' and improve efficiency/competition To give parents (consumers) greater choice Creating an education 'market' so that schools were competing against each other for 'customers' (pupils). Societies benefit as well. /Properties << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Title /Parent 9 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /Parent 15 0 R 10 0 obj Weaknesses. >> /Rotate 0 /MC0 129 0 R /Parent 16 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MC0 129 0 R 152 0 R 153 0 R 154 0 R 155 0 R 156 0 R 157 0 R] The 1988 Education Reform Act was based on the principles of making schools more competitive (marketisation) and giving parents choice (parentocracy). /TT0 120 0 R /Type /Page >> 0000003223 00000 n /StructParents 26 25 0 obj 0000010683 00000 n /MC0 129 0 R Extend Medicaid coverage to include all people . /Parent 13 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 66 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 73 /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << The better performing schools will attract more pupils and more funding and be able to expand. /Prev 115 0 R /Parent 10 0 R /StructParents 18 /TT0 120 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /TT1 121 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 190 0 R 191 0 R] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] (Read Arne Duncan's Britannica essay on "Education: The Great Equalizer.") /Parent 17 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << But that would require great political leadership now, says Gary Phillips. Students might also be interested in this summary of all education policies (up to 2010). *SJj4Tf /Contents 248 0 R /Properties << << >> endobj /Rotate 0 >> /Resources << Recently the Bright Tribe academy trust has been in the news over transactions with companies linked to the trusts founder. << /Rotate 0 /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 16 0 R /Contents 244 0 R >> /Contents 259 0 R Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE, Advantages & disadvantages of The education reform act 1988. /TT0 120 0 R >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Resources << /StructParents 41 /Parent 2 0 R endobj The Education Reform Act 1988 (ERA) is regarded by many as the most important piece of legislation since the Education Act 1994. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Type /Page /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 0000000994 00000 n 95 0 obj /TT2 226 0 R >> /TT1 226 0 R However, no matter the intention, there are disadvantages of inclusive education as well. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT2 121 0 R << >> << << /Resources <> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> Today it is outstanding on every count, oversubscribed and achieving impressive results with a diverse intake. /Properties << >> /Font << /Type /Page >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] <> /Rotate 0 /TT1 121 0 R >> /StructParents 54 endobj /Type /Page 11 0 obj The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. 102 0 obj >> >> >> /Rotate 0 Inclusion is believed to benefit the educational experience for all students. Alternative types of schooling in the UK Faith schools Independent Special schools Home schooling Task: Give a definition for each types of school and give at least three advantages and disadvantages. /TT2 226 0 R >> /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Students will usually move on to study New Labors Education policies after this one. Intake and its social class still influences how some parents make their choices and these subtle forces influence selection.. /ExtGState << /ExtGState << << /Title /TT0 120 0 R /Contents 262 0 R >> /TT0 120 0 R /Names [ 309 0 R] /Font << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 27 /Contents 282 0 R /Properties << An Act to amend the law relating to education. >> >> /GS0 125 0 R << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << /Parent 9 0 R >> /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 15 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Type /Page 0000000016 00000 n Finally, the principle of competition has been applied internationally, in the form of the PISA league tables. /ExtGState << /ExtGState << History. /Type /Page endobj A market is always going to have winners and losers. /TT1 226 0 R /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 6.0 for Word) /ExtGState << << >> >> /TT0 120 0 R >> /ExtGState << /Properties << /Properties << << << /Contents 266 0 R << /Resources << /TT2 121 0 R /TT0 120 0 R 93 0 obj >> /TT1 121 0 R Those schools that dont perform so well will go out of business and either close down or be taken over by new management who will run things more efficiently. /TT0 120 0 R endobj << /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 46 endobj /Type /Page << /MC0 129 0 R /Parent 10 0 R /ExtGState << /Contents 223 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << >> /StructParents 25 endobj The school you go to still depends on where you live we see parents swapping council houses to come here. /MC0 129 0 R >> /Properties << /GS0 125 0 R /ExtGState << 48 0 obj /Parent 12 0 R List of the Pros of Federal Involvement in Education. /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 17 0 R /TT2 226 0 R 83 0 obj << >> /TT0 120 0 R >> /TT1 226 0 R CQ Library American political resources opens in new tab; Data Planet A universe of data opens in new tab; SAGE Business Cases Real-world cases at your fingertips opens in new tab; SAGE Campus Online skills and methods courses opens in new tab; SAGE Knowledge The ultimate social science library opens in new tab; SAGE Research Methods The ultimate methods library . >> /ExtGState << /GS0 125 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] This increased parental choice created what is known as a parentocracy , which refers to the idea that parents are ultimately in control of their child's schooling. /ExtGState << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Parent 14 0 R >> /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 15 0 R /Parent 9 0 R /Dest [23 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 82 /TT0 120 0 R /Prev 308 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] The Middle Classes have more effective choice because of their higher incomes, The Middle classes have more effective choice because of their greater cultural and social capital, Schools become more selective they are more likely to want pupils who are likely to do well. /TT2 121 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /Properties << >> The Pros: Advantages and Applications of Facial Recognition System. /Properties <> >> /Font << >> /Next 112 0 R << /Rotate 0 /StructParents 55 /TT0 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] > the Pros: Advantages and Applications of Facial Recognition System us respond.. 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